Table of Contents
Pricing models for network services
Prelude
Some thoughts...
Some thoughts… (cont.)
Correct view on charging
Outline
Network services
Contents
PPT Slide
Network Services
Network Transport Services
Service Contracts
Network Contract Types
Guaranteed Services
Guaranteed Services (cont.)
Elastic Services
Network Control
Network Control for Various Contract Types
Time scales of network control
Switching
Label Switching
Control for connection-oriented services
Congestion and flow control
Network Management
PPT Slide
ATM Forum Service Categories
ATM Forum Real-Time Service categories
ATM Forum Non-Real-Time Service categ.
ABR and UBR
Available Bit Rate (ABR) Services
IETF Integrated Services Architecture
IETF Integrated services (cont.)
IETF Differentiated Services Architecture
IETF DS Architecture (cont.)
IETF DS Architecture (cont. )
IETF DS Architecture (cont. )
PPT Slide
Call Admission Control (CAC)
Acceptance region
Simplifying the problem of CAC
Loading an elevator with boxes
Loading an elevator (cont.)
Loading an elevator (cont.)
Loading an elevator (cont.)
Effective bandwidth of traffic streams
An effective bandwidth formula
Operating point parameters s,t
Multiple QoS constraints
Effective bandwidth for MPEG-1 traffic
Effective bandwidth for Ethernet traffic
A proposal for pricing
Conclusions
PPT Slide
Contents
The context
PPT Slide
Terminology
The basic model: the consumer
The demand curve
The demand curve (cont.)
Economic models and tariffs
PPT Slide
The unifying social surplus formulation
The supplier
The social planner’s problem
Marginal cost prices
Recovering network cost
Two-part tariffs
Ramsey pricing
Ramsey pricing (cont.)
Perfect competition
Monopoly: an example
Monopoly
Price discrimination
PPT Slide
Sharing finite resources
Sharing finite resources (cont.)
Maximizing SW with congestion cost
Maximising SW with no congestion cost
Price discrimination and usage charging
Time-of-day pricing
Congestion pricing for delay
Summary of results (finite capacity)
Consistency issues in pricing services
Cost-based pricing
What is cost?
PPT Slide
Regulation and information models
Principal-agent model
Price regulation
Price regulation (cont.)
Regulation and competition
Regulation and competition (cont.)
Entry deterrence and unbundling
PPT Slide
Flat rate pricing
Flat rate pricing (cont.)
Cross-subsidization
Cross-subsidization (cont.)
Flat rate and tiered quality
Charging elastic and best-effort services
Contents
Basic concepts
Basic concepts (cont.)
Basic concepts (cont.)
Approaches
Congestion pricing
Computing congestion prices
Implementation approaches
Smart markets
Proportional fairness
Proportional fairness (cont.)
Proportional fairness: implementation
Sample path shadow prices
Proportional fairness: implementation (cont.)
Comparing with current Internet
Evolution of proportional fairness
Possible user control algorithms
Conclusions
Charging Guaranteed Services
Contents
The problem
Economic theory reminder
Which is the right effective bandwidth?
The time-volume scheme
The worst eb given time and volume
An interesting structural property for tariffs
Simple Charging Scheme for VBR
Properties of Simple Charging Scheme
Examples of Tariffs
Simple Time-Volume scheme for ABR
Conclusions
Final remarks
More topics
Splitting of traffic
Discouraging splitting - fixed charge
Discouraging splitting of traffic (cont.)
Improving accuracy of Simple Charging Scheme
Taking into account leaky bucket constraints
More general charging schemes
More general charging schemes (cont.)
Simpler Charging: Dispensing with Duration
Charging CBR Services
Charging PVCs
Charging and CAC
URLs
Closely related references
Closely related references
Closely related references (cont.)
Closely related references (cont.)
Closely related references (cont.)
Other references
Other references (cont.)
Other references (cont.)
Other references (cont.)
Technology background
Some thoughts...
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